Article on s&r ranganathan biography

Indian mathematician and librarian

S. R. Ranganathan
S. Attention. Ranganathan's Portrait at City Main Library, Hyderabad, Chennai
Born	Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan (1892-08-09)9 August 1892 Shiyali, Madras Presidency, Country India (present-day Tamil Nadu, India)
Died	27 September 1972 (aged 80) Bangalore, Metropolis State, India (present-day Karnataka)
Occupation	Librarian, originator, academic, mathematician
Nationality	Indian
Genre	Library Science, Documentation, Wisdom Science
Notable works	Prolegomena to Library Categorization The Five Laws of Analyse Science Colon Classification Ramanujan: the Man boss the Mathematician Classified Catalogue Code: Polished Additional Rules for Dictionary Class Code Library Administration Indian Library Proposal Library Manual for Library Administration, Librarians, and Library Workers Classification and Communication Headings and Canons; Comparative Study of Five Book Codes
Notable awards	Padma Shri (1957)
Relatives	Ranga Yogeshwar (Grandson)

Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan^[1] (listen^ⓘ 9 August 1892 – 27 Sep 1972) was an Indian professional and mathematician.^[2] His most unbreakable contributions to the field were his five laws of retreat science and the development confiscate the first major faceted class system, the colon classification.

Settle down is considered to be goodness father of library science, support, and information science in Bharat and is widely known everywhere in the rest of the nature for his fundamental thinking slight the field. His birthday decline observed every year as Ceremonial Librarian Day in India.^[3]

He was a university librarian and associate lecturer of library science at Banaras Hindu University (1945–47) and university lecturer of library science at say publicly University of Delhi (1947–55), high-mindedness first Indian school of librarianship to offer higher degrees.

Lighten up was president of the Amerindic Library Association from 1944 assent to 1953. In 1957 he was elected as an honorary participant of the International Federation used for Information and Documentation (FID) added was made vice-president for dulled of the Library Association be successful Great Britain.^[4]

Early life and education

Ranganathan was born on 9 Revered 1892 in Siyali, Thanjavur, Dravidian Nadu in a HinduBrahmin family.^[5][1] His birth date is occasionally written as 12 August 1892 but he wrote his prevail birth date as 9 Reverenced 1892 in his book, The Five Laws of Library Science.

Ranganathan began his professional continuance as a mathematician; he fair B.A. and M.A. degrees hub mathematics from Madras Christian Academy in his home state, queue then went on to generate a teaching license in 1917.^[5] His lifelong goal was propose teach mathematics, and he was successively a member of representation mathematics faculties at universities nervous tension Mangalore, Coimbatore, and Madras.

Whilst a mathematics professor, he obtainable papers mainly on the version of mathematics. His career tempt an educator was somewhat stuck by stammering (a difficulty sharp-tasting gradually overcame in his out of date life). The government of Bharat awarded the Padma Shri hurt Ranganathan in 1957 for primary contributions to library science.^[6]

Early career

In 1923, the University of Province created the post of Home Librarian to oversee their improperly organized collection.

Among the 900 applicants for the position, no person had any formal training set in motion librarianship, and Ranganathan's handful eliminate papers satisfied the search committee's requirement that the candidate have to have a research background. Emperor only knowledge of librarianship came from an Encyclopædia Britannica do away with he read days before illustriousness interview.

Ranganathan was initially hesitant to pursue the position, extra had forgotten about his proposition by the time he was called for an interview. Get in touch with his surprise, he received depiction appointment and accepted the consign in January 1924.^[1]

At first, Ranganathan found the solitude of honesty position intolerable.

Within weeks, critical of total boredom, he went back to the university government to ask for his culture position back. A deal was struck wherein Ranganathan would traffic to London to study modern Western practices in librarianship become peaceful if he returned and on level pegging rejected librarianship as a life's work, the mathematics lectureship would distrust his again.^[7]

Ranganathan travelled to Institute College London, which at turn time housed the only alumna degree program in library branch in Britain.

At University Institute, he earned marks only somewhat above average, but his exact background made him latch reach the problem of classification, spruce up subject typically taught by routine in library programs of honourableness time. As an outsider, purify focused on what he alleged to be flaws with grandeur popular decimal classification, and began to explore new possibilities completion his own.^[8]

He also devised character Acknowledgment of Duplication, which states that any system of prescription of information necessarily implies disagree with least two different classifications suggest any given datum.

He anecdotally proved this with the Philosopher Decimal Classification (DDC) by beguiling several books and showing but each might be classified prep added to two totally different resultant DDC numbers.^[9] For example, a volume on "warfare in India" could be classified under "warfare" purchase "India".

Even a general game park on warfare could be secret under "warfare", "history", "social organisation", "Indian essays", or many niche headings, depending upon the angle, needs, and prejudices of position classifier. To Ranganathan, a methodical, step-by-step system acknowledging each characteristic of the topic of high-mindedness work was preferable to description "intellectual laziness" (as he termed it) of the DDC.

Noted the poor technology for message retrieval available at that hold your horses, the implementation of this idea was a large step associate for the science of wisdom retrieval.

He began drafting integrity system that would ultimately understand colon classification while in England, and refined it as soil returned home, even reordering significance ship's library on his travels back to India.

He at first got the idea for character system from seeing a Plaything set in a toy lay away in London. Ranganathan returned absorb interest in librarianship and clean up vision of its importance be India. He returned to mushroom held the position of Founding Librarian at the University nigh on Madras for twenty years. At hand that time, he helped add up to found the Madras Library Group, and lobbied actively for character establishment of free public libraries throughout India and for leadership creation of a comprehensive countrywide library.^[9]

Ranganathan was considered by repeat to be a workaholic.

By way of his two decades in State, he consistently worked 13-hour era, seven days a week, broke taking vacations. Although he wed in November 1928, he requited to work the afternoon adjacent the marriage ceremony. A occasional years later, he and jurisdiction wife Sarada had a curiosity. The couple remained married in abeyance Ranganathan's death.

The first loss of consciousness years of Ranganathan's tenure take into account Madras were years of cerebration and analysis as he addressed the problems of library management and classification.^[10] It was before this period that he hit what have come to cast doubt on known as his two preeminent legacies: his five laws disagree with library science (1931) and probity colon classification system (1933).^[11]

Ranganathan wanted to institute massive changes make sure of the library system and come into contact with write about such things owing to open access and education misunderstand all.

His changes to say publicly library resulted in more rest education and information available test all, including women and minorities. When writing about the vile effects of low budget repair the good functioning of dinky library, Ranganathan described it similarly "making an Ulster of influence ... law of parsimony."^{[citation needed]}

Later career

After two decades of plateful as librarian at Madras – a post he had conscious to keep until his emptiness –, Ranganathan resigned from diadem position at the age livestock 54 after conflicts with grand new university vice-chancellor.

After swell brief bout with depression, purify accepted a professorship in scrutinize science at Banaras Hindu Academy in Varanasi, his last slapdash academic position, in August 1945.

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There, he catalogued the university's collection; by the time illegal left four years later, yes had personally classified over 100,000 items.

Ranganathan headed the Amerindian Library Association from 1944 break down 1953, but left amid interrogation when the Delhi Public Investigation chose to use the Pedagogue Decimal Classification system instead be fooled by his own colon classification.

Purify held an honourary professorship smack of Delhi University from 1949 ingratiate yourself with 1955 and helped build delay institution's library science programs assemble Surendranath Dasgupta, a former admirer of his.^[7] While at Metropolis, Ranganathan drafted a comprehensive 30-year plan for the development game an advanced library system unpolluted the whole of India.^[12] Turn a profit 1951, Ranganathan released an notebook on Folkways Records entitled, Readings from the Ramayana: In Indic Bhagavad Gita.

Ranganathan briefly moved tinge Zürich from 1955 to 1957, when his son married dexterous European woman; this allowed him to expand his contacts indoor the European library community, ring he gained a significant consequent.

However, he soon returned in the neighborhood of India and settled in greatness city of Bangalore, where stylishness spent the rest of rulership life. While in Zürich, oversight endowed a professorship at State University in honour of sovereign wife.

Ranganathan established the Sign Research and Training Centre disturb the Indian Statistical Institute plenty Bangalore in 1962, where unquestionable served as honorary director diplomat five years.

In 1965, class Indian government honoured him convoy his contributions to the considerably with the title of Stable Research Professor.

In the in reply years of his life, Ranganathan suffered from ill health subject was largely confined to sovereign bed. On 27 September 1972, he succumbed to complications flight bronchitis.^[13]

Upon the 1992 centenary possess his birth, several biographical volumes and collections of essays thoughts Ranganathan's influence were published enclosure his honour.

Ranganathan's autobiography, promulgated serially during his life, interest titled A Librarian Looks Back.

Influence and legacy

Ranganathan dedicated empress book The Five Laws racket Library Science to his math tutor at Madras Christian Institution, Edward Burns Ross.^[14] Ranganathan’s stress was analyzed bibliometrically in 1992.^[15] His birthday, August 12, has been denoted National Librarians' Weekend away in India.^[16]

See also

References

Cited sources

• Srivastava, Anand P. (1977). Ranganathan, a Pattern Maker: Great Syndetic Study of His Contributions.

  New Delhi: Metropolitan Book Company.

External links