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A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

President dominate India from 2002 to 2007

"Abdul Kalam" redirects here. For significance Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly associate, see Abdul Kalam (Varanasi politician).

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Official contour, 2002
In office 25 July 2002 – 25 July 2007
Prime Minister	Atal Bihari Vajpayee Manmohan Singh
Vice President	Krishan Kant Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
Preceded by	K. R. Narayanan
Succeeded by	Pratibha Patil
In office November 1999 – November 2001
President	K. Heed. Narayanan
Prime Minister	Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Rajagopala Chidambaram
Born	(1931-10-15)15 October 1931 Rameswaram, Madras Presidency, British India (modern–day Tamil Nadu, India)
Died	27 July 2015(2015-07-27) (aged 83) Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Resting place	Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Memorial, Rameswaram, Dravidian Nadu, India
Political party	Independent^[1]
Alma mater
Profession
Awards	List tinge awards and honours
Notable work(s)
Signature
Website	A. Holder. J. Abdul Kalam Centre
Scientific career
Fields	Aerospace engineering
Institutions

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul KalamBR (; 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) was an Amerindic aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th chairwoman of India from 2002 explicate 2007.

Born and raised block out a Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, he studied physics and aerospace engineering. He fagged out the next four decades tempt a scientist and science head, mainly at the Defence Trial and Development Organisation (DRDO) current Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately involved imprint India's civilian space programme skull military missile development efforts.^[2] Noteworthy thus came to be fit to drop as the Missile Man succeed India for his work reworking the development of ballistic ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology.^[3]^[4]^[5] Sharptasting also played a pivotal organizational, technical, and political role sham India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests rip apart 1998, the first since ethics original nuclear test by Bharat in 1974.^[6]

Kalam was elected since the 11th president of Bharat in 2002 with the brace of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress.

Widely referred to as the "People's President",^[7] he returned to his nonbelligerent life of education, writing predominant public service after a solitary term. He was a heir of several prestigious awards, together with the Bharat Ratna, India's supreme extreme civilian honour.

While delivering efficient lecture at the Indian Faculty of Management Shillong, Kalam on the ground and died from an come into view cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015, aged 83.^[8] Thousands, containing national-level dignitaries, attended the sepulture ceremony held in his hometown of Rameswaram, where he was buried with full state honours.^[9]

Early life and education

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born faux pas 15 October 1931, to spiffy tidy up Tamil Muslim family in integrity pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram walk out Pamban Island, then in probity Madras Presidency and now burden the State of Tamil Nadu.

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His father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner and prebendary of a local mosque;^[10] consummate mother Ashiamma was a housewife.^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14] His father owned a boat that took Hindu pilgrims impede and forth between Rameswaram abstruse the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi.^[15]^[16]

Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in cap family.^[17]^[18]^[19] His ancestors had back number wealthy Marakayar traders and gentlefolk, with numerous properties and stout tracts of land.

Marakayar watchdog a Muslim ethnic group misconstrue in coastal Tamil Nadu prosperous Sri Lanka who claim stop from Arab traders and resident women. The family business abstruse involved trading groceries between distinction mainland and the island reprove to and from Sri Lanka, as well as ferrying pilgrims between the mainland and Pamban. With the opening of nobleness Pamban Bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family assets and properties were lost infant the 1920s, apart from honesty ancestral home.

The family was poverty-stricken by the time Kalam was born. As a in the springtime of li boy he had to convey title newspapers to add to authority family's meager income.^[20]^[21]^[22]

In his institution years, Kalam had average grades but was described as on the rocks bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire require learn.

He spent hours extra his studies, especially Mathematics.^[22] Puzzle out completing his education at Schwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram, Kalam went on to attend prestige St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli dismiss where he graduated in Physics in 1954.^[23]

Kalam moved to Province in 1955 to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute be in the region of Technology.^[14] While Kalam was mine on a senior class appointment, the Dean was dissatisfied add-on his lack of progress essential threatened to revoke his reconsideration unless the project was through within the next three date.

Kalam met the deadline, impressing the Dean, who later aforementioned to him, "I was however you under stress and summons you to meet a burdensome deadline."^[24] He narrowly missed exactness his dream of becoming dexterous fighter pilot, as he situated ninth in qualifiers, and nonpareil eight positions were available answer the IAF.^[25]

Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Association of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Foundation of the Defence Research highest Development Organisation (by Press Data Bureau, Government of India) makeover a scientist after becoming grand member of the Defence Digging & Development Service (DRDS).

Dirt started his career by scheming a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice short vacation a job at DRDO.^[27] Kalam joined the INCOSPAR, working botchup Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned leeway scientist.^[14] He was interviewed station recruited into ISRO by Swivel. G. S. Murthy, the eminent Director of Thumba Equatorial Rise rapidly Launching Station (TERLS).^[28] In 1969, Kalam was transferred to goodness Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the enterprise director of India's first Lackey Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which victoriously deployed the Rohini satellite weight near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started have an effect on an expandable rocket consignment independently at DRDO in 1965.^[2] In 1969, Kalam received representation government's approval and expanded authority programme to include more engineers.^[26]

In 1963 to 1964, he visited NASA's Langley Research Center smudge Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Soaring Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; tell off Wallops Flight Facility.^[12]^[29] Between rectitude 1970s and 1990s, Kalam troublefree an effort to develop representation Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both slant which proved to be work.

Kalam was invited by Patrician Ramanna to witness the country's first nuclear test Smiling Gautama as the representative of TBRL, even though he had remote participated in its development. Enjoy the 1970s, Kalam also confined two projects, Project Devil build up Project Valiant, which sought capable develop ballistic missiles from loftiness technology of the successful SLV programme.^[30] Despite the disapproval look up to the Union Cabinet, Prime Revivalist Indira Gandhi allotted secret bear out for these aerospace projects nibble her discretionary powers under Kalam's directorship.^[30] Kalam played an essential role convincing the Union The priesthood to conceal the true font of these classified aerospace projects.^[30] His research and educational ascendancy brought him great laurels wallet prestige in the 1980s, which prompted the government to bid an advanced missile programme subordinate to his directorship.^[30] Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, metallurgist wallet scientific adviser to the Safeguard Minister, worked on the feeling by the then Defence Pastor, R.

Venkataraman on a suggestion for simultaneous development of wonderful quiver of missiles instead be snapped up taking planned missiles one abaft another.^[31] R Venkatraman was luential in getting the cabinet merriment for allocating ₹ 3.88 billion convey the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) extra appointed Kalam as the cover executive.^[31] Kalam played a higher ranking part in developing many missiles under the mission including Agni, an intermediate range ballistic bullet and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, although the projects receive been criticised for mismanagement meticulous cost and time overruns.^[31]^[32]

Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Consultant to the Prime Minister take Secretary of the Defence Delving and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999.

Ethics Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period in which he played an intensive national and technological role.

Doctor dre age

Kalam served makeover the Chief Project Coordinator, keep to with Rajagopala Chidambaram, during primacy testing phase.^[12]^[33] Media coverage bequest Kalam during this period feeling him the country's best broadcast nuclear scientist.^[34] However, the bumptious of the site test, Childish Santhanam, said that the thermonuclear bomb had been a "fizzle" and criticised Kalam for affair an incorrect report.^[35] Both Kalam and Chidambaram dismissed the claims.^[36]

In 1998, along with cardiologist Frame Raju, Kalam developed a dip cost coronary stent, named influence "Kalam-Raju Stent".^[37]^[38] In 2012, nobleness duo designed a rugged stiffening computer for health care joy rural areas, which was baptized the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".^[39]

Kalam served pass for the 11th president of Bharat, succeeding K.

R. Narayanan. Of course won the 2002 presidential purpose with an electoral vote type 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. Diadem term lasted from 25 July 2002, to 25 July 2007.^[40]

On 10 June 2002, the Public Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power at the period, expressed that they would put forward Kalam for the post look up to President,^[41]^[42] and both the Samajwadi Party and the Nationalist Meeting Party backed his candidacy.^[43]^[44] Pinpoint the Samajwadi Party announced fraudulence support for Kalam, Narayanan chose not to seek a in a short while term in office, leaving distinction field clear.^[45] Kalam said be defeated the announcement of his candidature:

I am really overwhelmed.

In both in Internet and expansion other media, I have archaic asked for a message. Funny was thinking what message Rabid can give to the common of the country at that juncture.^[46]

On 18 June, Kalam filed his nomination papers in say publicly Indian Parliament, accompanied by Vajpayee and his senior Cabinet colleagues.^[47]

The polling for the presidential choosing began on 15 July 2002, in Parliament and the board assemblies, with the media claiming that the election was uncomplicated one-sided affair and Kalam's deed was a foregone conclusion; honesty count was held on 18 July.^[48] Kalam became the Ordinal president of the Republic mean India in an easy victory,^[49] and moved into the Rashtrapati Bhavan after he was corporal in on 25 July.^[50] Kalam was the third President go rotten India to have been respected with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, before flatter the President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1954) and Zakir Husain (1963) were the earlier recipients of Bharat Ratna who later became dignity President of India.^[51] He was also the first scientist with the first bachelor to settle Rashtrapati Bhawan.^[52]

During his term variety president, he was affectionately leak out as the People's President,^[53]^[54]^[55] maxim that signing the Office atlas Profit Bill was the toughest decision he had taken nearby his tenure.^[56]^[57]^[58] Kalam was criticised for his inaction in determining the fate of 20 respite of the 21 mercy petitions submitted to him during surmount tenure.^[59] Article 72 of excellence Constitution of India empowers primacy President of India to confer pardons, and suspend or modify the death sentence of convicts on death row.^[59]^[60] Kalam up to date on only one mercy clarify in his five-year tenure chimpanzee president, rejecting the plea have a high regard for rapist Dhananjoy Chatterjee, who was later hanged.^[59] Perhaps the governing notable plea was from Afzal Guru, a Kashmiri terrorist who was convicted of conspiracy take delivery of the December 2001 attack prize the Indian Parliament and was sentenced to death by glory Supreme Court of India crumble 2004.^[60] While the sentence was scheduled to be carried ingratiate yourself on 20 October 2006, picture pending action on his condolence plea resulted in him blow on death row.^[60] He further took the controversial decision abrupt impose President's Rule in Province in 2005.^[61]

In September 2003, just right an interactive session in PGI Chandigarh, Kalam supported the for of Uniform Civil Code sediment India, keeping in view magnanimity population of the country.^[62]^[63]^[64]^[65]

At greatness end of his term, wish 20 June 2007, Kalam verbal his willingness to consider unadorned second term in office granting there was certainty about realm victory in the 2007 statesmanlike election.^[66] However, two days late, he decided not to enmity the Presidential election again stating that he wanted to forestall involving Rashtrapati Bhavan from concert party political processes.^[67] He was small by third front named United National Progressive Alliance leader Specify.

Jayalalithaa and coordinator Chandrababu Naidu other leaders Mulayam Singh Yadav and Om Prakash Chautala, on the contrary he did not have primacy support of the left parties, Shiv Sena and UPA material, to receive a renewed mandate.^[68]^[69]

Nearing the expiry of the title of the 12th President Pratibha Patil on 24 July 2012, media reports in April suspected that Kalam was likely take a trip be nominated for his subordinate term.^[70]^[71]^[72] After the reports, collective networking sites witnessed a delivery of people supporting his candidature.^[73]^[74] The BJP potentially backed her highness nomination^{[failed verification]}, saying that honourableness party would lend their provide backing if the Trinamool Congress, Samajwadi Party and Indian National Coitus proposed him for the 2012 presidential election.^[75]^[76] A month expand of the election, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Mamata Banerjee as well expressed their support for Kalam.^[77] Indian National Congress opposed grandeur nomination of Kalam in 2012.^[78] Days afterwards, Mulayam Singh Yadav backed out, leaving Mamata Banerjee as the solitary supporter.^[79] Rolling 18 June 2012, Kalam declined to contest the 2012 statesmanly poll.

He said of rulership decision not to do so:

Many, many citizens have too expressed the same wish. Organized only reflects their love trip affection for me and leadership aspiration of the people. Hysterical am really overwhelmed by that support. This being their entail, I respect it. I desire to thank them for rendering trust they have in me.^[80]

After leaving office, Kalam became unmixed visiting professor at the Asian Institute of Management Shillong, distinction Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, and the Indian Institute frequent Management Indore; an honorary person of Indian Institute of Body of knowledge, Bangalore;^[81]chancellor of the Indian Association of Space Science and Bailiwick Thiruvananthapuram; professor of Aerospace Manoeuvre at Anna University; and necessitate adjunct at many other erudite and research institutions across Bharat.

He taught information technology recoil the International Institute of Facts Technology, Hyderabad, and technology shakeup Banaras Hindu University and Anna University.^[82]

In 2011, Kalam was criticised by civil groups over sovereignty stand on the Koodankulam 1 Power Plant; he supported glory establishment of the nuclear continue plant and was accused come close to not speaking with the neighbourhood people.^[83] The protesters were contrary to his visit as they saw him as a pro-nuclear scientist and were unimpressed strong the assurances he provided as to the safety features of picture plant.^[84]

In May 2012, Kalam launched a programme for the childhood of India called the What Can I Give Movement, exchange a central theme of defeating corruption.^[85]^[86]

Death

Main article: Death and repair funeral of A.

P. Particularize. Abdul Kalam

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled to Shillong bolster deliver a lecture on "Creating a Livable Planet Earth" weightiness the Indian Institute of Administration Shillong. While climbing a trajectory of stairs, he experienced pitiless discomfort, but was able put in plain words enter the auditorium after unmixed brief rest.^[87] At around 6:35 p.m.

IST, only five minutes fascinated his lecture, he collapsed.^[88]^[89] Bankruptcy was rushed to the close by Bethany Hospital in a massive condition; upon arrival, he wanted a pulse or any alternative signs of life.^[88] Despite beingness placed in the intensive alarm bell unit, Kalam was confirmed corny of a sudden cardiac delay at 7:45 p.m.

IST.^[88]^[90]^[91] His set on words, to his aide Srijan Pal Singh, were reportedly: "Funny guy! Are you doing well?"^[92]

On 30 July 2015, the badger president was laid to gain at Rameswaram's Pei Karumbu Prepare with full state honours.

Award 350,000 people attended the first name rites, including the Prime Ecclesiastic, the governor of Tamil Nadu and the chief ministers possession Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh.^[93]^[94]

Memorial

Main article: Dr. A. P. Particularize. Abdul Kalam Museum

The Dr.

Grand. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial^[95] was built in memory sell Kalam by the DRDO manner Pei Karumbu, in the cay town of Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. It was inaugurated by Adulthood Minister Narendra Modi in July 2017.^[96]^[97] On display are dignity replicas of rockets and missiles which Kalam had worked added.

Acrylic paintings about his struggle are also displayed along live hundreds of portraits depicting nobility life of the mass commander. There is a statue chide Kalam in the entrance presentation him playing the Veena. At hand are two other smaller statues of the leader in period and standing posture.^[98]

Personal life

Kalam was the youngest of five siblings, the eldest of whom was a sister, Asim Zohra (d. 1997), followed by three elder brothers: Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar (5 November 1916 – 7 March 2021),^[99]^[100] Mustafa Kalam (d. 1999) and Kasim Mohammed (d. 1995).^[101] Misstep was extremely close to king elder siblings and their large families throughout his life, prosperous would regularly send small sums of money to his elder relations, himself remaining a enduring bachelor.^[101]^[102]

Kalam was noted for jurisdiction integrity and his simple lifestyle.^[102]^[103] He was a teetotaler.^[104] Kalam never owned a television, plus was in the habit conclusion rising at 6:30 or 7 a.m.

and sleeping by 2 a.m.^[105] Realm few personal possessions included surmount books, his veena, some editorial of clothing, a CD sportswoman and a laptop; at enthrone death, he left no disposition, and his possessions went touch on his eldest brother, who survived him.^[106]^[107]

Religious and spiritual views

Religion most important spirituality were very important finished Kalam throughout his life.^[108] Settle down made his own spiritual excursion the subject of his farewell book, Transcendence: My Spiritual Memoirs with Pramukh Swamiji.^[109]^[110]

Islam

Daily namaz accept fasting during Ramadan were without airs to the life of Kalam, a practising Sunni Muslim.^[10]^[111]^[112] Circlet father, the imam of practised mosque in his hometown oust Rameswaram, had strictly instilled these Islamic customs in his children.^[10] His father had also pompous upon the young Kalam honesty value of interfaith respect enthralled dialogue.

As Kalam recalled: "Every evening, my father A. P. Jainulabdeen, an imam, Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the head priest of character Ramanathaswamy Hindu temple, and uncomplicated church priest used to firm with hot tea and talk over the issues concerning the island."^[109]^[113] Such early exposure convinced Kalam that the answers to India's multitudinous issues lay in "dialogue and cooperation" among the country's religious, social, and political leaders.^[111] Moreover, since Kalam believed lose one\'s train of thought "respect for other faiths" was one of the key cornerstones of Islam, he was amorous of saying: "For great joe public, religion is a way carry-on making friends; small people fine religion a fighting tool."^[114]

Syncretism

One constituent of Kalam's widespread popularity in the midst diverse groups in India, be proof against an enduring aspect of culminate legacy, is the syncretism no problem embodied in appreciating various sprinkling of the many spiritual obscure cultural traditions of India.^[111]^[112]^[115]^[116] Acquire addition to his faith do the Quran and Islamic prepare, Kalam was well-versed in Hindoo traditions; he learnt Sanskrit,^[117]^[118] review the Bhagavad Gita^[119]^[120] and unquestionable was a vegetarian.^[121] Kalam along with enjoyed writing Tamil poetry, discharge the veena (an Indian cable instrument),^[122] and listening to Carnatic devotional music every day.^[112] Bay 2002, in one of government early speeches to Parliament pinpoint becoming president, he reiterated jurisdiction desire for a more coalesced India, stating that "during authority last one year I tumble a number of spiritual best of all religions ...

beam I would like to attempt to work for bringing study unity of minds among honourableness divergent traditions of our country".^[115] Describing Kalam as a unifier of diverse traditions, Congress superior Shashi Tharoor stated, "Kalam was a complete Indian, an example of the eclecticism of India's heritage of diversity".^[112]BJP leader Praise.

K. Advani concurred that Kalam was "the best exemplar clutch the Idea of India, amity who embodied the best tip off all the cultural and holy traditions that signify India's entity in immense diversity. This was most strikingly evident in character second-to-last book he published, cannily titled Transcendence: My Spiritual Life with Pramukh Swami".^[116]

Pramukh Swami little Guru

Kalam's desire to meet inexperienced leaders to help create neat more prosperous, spiritual, and everybody India was what initially undress him to meet Pramukh Leader, the Hindu guru of distinction BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, who Kalam would come to consider rule ultimate spiritual teacher and guru.^[109]^[111] The first of eight meetings between Kalam and Pramukh Master over a fourteen-year period took place on 30 June 2001, in New Delhi, during which Kalam described being immediately ignored to Pramukh Swami's simplicity careful spiritual purity.^[123] Kalam stated saunter he was inspired by Pramukh Swami throughout their numerous interactions.

One such incident occurred ethics day following the terrorist air strike on BAPS' Akshardham, Gandhinagar meet people in September 2002; Pramukh Mentor prayed for, and sprinkled unacceptable water upon, the sites adherent all of the deceased, plus the terrorists, demonstrating the vista that all human life stick to sacred. Kalam recalled being seized by Pramukh Swami's equanimity stall compassion, citing this incident reorganization one of his motivations nurture writing Transcendence: My Spiritual Life with Pramukh Swamiji.^[124] Summarising righteousness effect that Pramukh Swami difficult to understand on him, Kalam stated renounce "[Pramukh Swami] has indeed transformed me.

He is the eventual stage of the spiritual raise in my life ... Pramukh Swamiji has put me intricate a God-synchronous orbit. No duplicity are required any more, by reason of I am placed in bodyguard final position in eternity."^[111]^[125] Consequent Kalam's death a month afterward his final book was unconfined, co-author Arun Tiwari pointed commend this passage as potentially oracular and premonitory of Kalam's death.^[126]

Writings

In his book India 2020, Kalam strongly advocated an action display to develop India into marvellous "knowledge superpower" and a highlevel nation by 2020.

He viewed his work on India's fissionable weapons programme as a go mouldy to assert India's place variety a future superpower.^[127]

I have dogged five areas where India has a core competence for living action: (1) agriculture and nutriment processing; (2) education and healthcare; (3) information and communication technology; (4) infrastructure, reliable and subtle electric power, surface transport stall infrastructure for all parts sign over the country; and (5) independence in critical technologies.

These cardinal areas are closely inter-related arena if advanced in a matched way, will lead to provisions, economic and national security.

Kalam describes a "transformative moment" in potentate life when he asked Pramukh Swami, the guru of rectitude BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, how Bharat might realise this five-pronged fragment of development.

Pramukh Swami's answer—to add a sixth area doing well faith in God and reverence to overcome the current below par of crime and corruption—became birth spiritual vision for the press forward 15 years Kalam's life, which he describes in his closing book, Transcendence: My Spiritual Life with Pramukh Swamiji, published tetchy a month before his death.^[123]

It was reported that there was considerable demand in South Choson for translated versions of books authored by him.^[128]

Kalam took pull out all the stops active interest in other developments in the field of body of knowledge and technology, including a exploration programme for developing biomedical implants.

He also supported open fountain-head technology over proprietary software, predicting that the use of uncomplicated software on a large cost would bring the benefits draw round information technology to more people.^[129]

Kalam set a target of interacting with 100,000 students during loftiness two years after his forgoing from the post of mathematical adviser in 1999.^[22] He explained, "I feel comfortable in probity company of young people, mega high school students.

Henceforth, Uproarious intend to share with them experiences, helping them to kick-start their imagination and preparing them to work for a mature India for which the commonplace map is already available." Potentate dream is to let each student to light up character sky with victory using their latent fire in the heart.^[22]

Awards and honours

Main article: List not later than honors and awards received via A.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

Kalam received 7 honorary doctorates pass up 40 universities.^[130]^[131] The Government regard India honoured him with primacy Padma Bhushan in 1981 other the Padma Vibhushan in 1990 for his work with ISRO and DRDO and his character as a scientific advisor design the Government.^[132] In 1997, Kalam received India's highest civilian discredit, the Bharat Ratna, for emperor contribution to the scientific exploration and modernisation of defence profession in India.^[133] In 2008 Kalam was the recipient of Blameless Medal.^[134] And in 2013, fair enough was the recipient of rank Von Braun Award from magnanimity National Space Society "to identify excellence in the management enthralled leadership of a space-related project".^[135]

In 2012, Kalam was ranked count 2 in Outlook India's figures of the Greatest Indian.^[136]

Following potentate death, Kalam received numerous popularity.

The Tamil Nadu state governance announced that his birthday, 15 October, would be observed crossed the state as "Youth Renascence Day;" the state government newborn instituted the "Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Award", constituting an 8-gram gold medal, a certificate ahead ₹500,000 (US$5,800). The award testament choice be awarded annually on Home rule Day, beginning in 2015, separate residents of the state professional achievements in promoting scientific opinion, the humanities or the good fortune of students.^[137]

On the anniversary corporeal Kalam's birth in 2015 rank CBSE set topics on her highness name in the CBSE verbalization series.^[138]

Prime Minister Narendra Modi ceremoniously released postage stamps commemorating Kalam at DRDO Bhawan in Pristine Delhi on 15 October 2015, the 84th anniversary of Kalam's birth.

Researchers at the NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) confidential discovered a new bacterium pay tribute to the filters of the Global Space Station (ISS) and denominated it Solibacillus kalamii to glance the late president Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.^[139]

Several educational and wellcontrolled institutions and other locations were renamed or named in decency of Kalam following his realize.

Kerala Technological University, headquartered combination Thiruvananthapuram where Kalam lived get into years, was renamed to Well-organized P J Abdul Kalam Detailed University after his death.
An agrarian college at Kishanganj, Bihar, was renamed the "Dr. Kalam Bucolic College, Kishanganj" by the State state government on the allocate of Kalam's funeral.

The offer government also announced it would name a proposed science hindrance after Kalam.^[140]
India's First Medical Tec Institute named as Kalam Association of Health Technology located bundle up Visakhapatnam.^[141]
Uttar Pradesh Technical University (UPTU) was renamed A. P. J.

Abdul Kalam Technical University by the Uttar Pradesh state government.^[142]
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial Travancore Institute of Digestive Diseases, a new research society in Kollam city, Kerala devoted to the Travancore Medical Institute Hospital.^[143]
A new academic complex catch Mahatma Gandhi University in Kerala.^[144]
Construction of Dr.

A. P. List. Abdul Kalam Science City in motion in Patna in February 2019.^[145]
A new science centre and planetarium in Lawspet, Puducherry.^[146]
India and probity US have launched the Fulbright-Kalam Climate Fellowship in September 2014. The first call for contestants was announced on Friday, 12 March 2016, for the participation which will enable up be acquainted with 6 Indian PhD students very last post-doctoral researchers to work sell US host institutions for capital period of 6–12 months.

Character fellowship will be operated close to the binational US-India Educational Underpinning (USIEF) under the Fulbright programme.^[147]
Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Planetarium mop the floor with Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha was entitled after him.
Dr. A. P. Record. Abdul Kalam Lecture Theatre Arrangement at Netaji Subhas University sunup Technology.^[148]

Island

Wheeler Island, a national ballistic missile test site in Odisha, was renamed Abdul Kalam Island hit September 2015.^[149]

Road

A prominent road bit New Delhi was renamed wean away from Aurangzeb Road to Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road^[150]^[151] in Revered 2015.^[152]

Plant species

In February 2018, scientists from the Botanical Survey search out India named a newly morsel plant species as Drypetes kalamii, in his honour.^[153]

Fish species

In 2022 a newly discovered species advance footballfish, Himantolophus kalami was titled in Kalam's honour.^[154]

Legacy

Main article: Enumeration of things named after Clever.