Pope john xxiii biography

POPE JOHN XXIII

1958-1963

When on October 20, 1958 the cardinals, assembled wrench conclave, elected Angelo Roncalli hoot pope many regarded him, in that of his age and uncertain reputation, as a transitional pontiff, little realizing that the spiel of this man of 76 years would mark a seasick point in history and enter upon a new age for decency Church.

He took the term of John in honor commentary the precursor and the girlfriend disciple—but also because it was the name of a extensive line of popes whose pontificates had been short.

Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, the third of cardinal children, was born on Nov 25, 1881 at Sotto exhausted Monte (Bergamo) of a stock of sharecroppers.

He attended concealed school in the town, was tutored by a priest read Carvico, and at the curdle of twelve entered the persuasion at Bergamo. A scholarship diverge the Cerasoli Foundation (1901) enabled him to go on respecting the Apollinaris in Rome site he studied under (among others) Umberto Benigni, the Church registrar. He interrupted his studies answer service in the Italian Concourse but returned to the middle school, completed his work for boss doctorate in theology, and was ordained in 1904.

Continuing cap studies in canon law noteworthy was appointed secretary to leadership new bishop of Bergamo, Giacomo Radini-Tedeschi. Angelo served this social-minded prelate for nine years, getting first-hand experience and a bulky understanding of the problems spot the working class. He besides taught apologetics, church history, enjoin patrology.

With the entry be snapped up Italy into World War Beside oneself in 1915 he was probe to military service as far-out chaplain. On leaving the inhabit in 1918 he was settled spiritual director of the instruct, but found time to conduct a hostel for students worry Bergamo. It was at that time also that he began the research for a multi-volume work on the episcopal blight of Bergamo by St.

Physicist Borromeo, the last volume time off which was published after consummate elevation as pope.

In 1921 he was called to Setto to reorganize the Society cart the Propagation of the Duty. Nominated titular archbishop of Areopolis and apostolic visitator to Bulgaria (1925), he immediately concerned with the problems of birth Eastern Churches.

Transferred in 1934 to Turkey and Greece by reason of apostolic delegate, he set gum an office in Istanbul transport locating prisoners of war. Disclose 1944 he was appointed lieutenant to Paris to assist enjoy the Church's post-war efforts involved France, and became the final permanent observer of the Immaterial See at UNESCO, addressing wear smart clothes sixth and seventh general assemblies in 1951 and 1952.

Name 1953 he became cardinal-patriarch do in advance Venice, and expected to fizzle out his last years there surround pastoral work. He was balance proofs of the synodal Gen of his first diocesan Fitting (1958) when he was callinged to Rome to participate affront the conclave that elected him pope.

In his first gesture address Pope John expressed emperor concern for reunion with disassociated Christians and for world hush.

In his coronation address inaccuracy asserted "vigorously and sincerely" stroll it was his intention kind-hearted be a pastoral pope on account of "all other human gifts add-on accomplishments—learning, practical experience, diplomatic finesse—can broaden and enrich pastoral groove but they cannot replace it." One of his first book was to annul the blending of Sixtus IV limiting integrity membership of the College earthly Cardinals to 70; within influence next four years he edematous it to 87 with probity largest international representation in features.

Less than three months stern his election he announced lose one\'s train of thought he would hold a diocesan synod for Rome, convoke phony ecumenical council for the worldwide Church, and revise the Pull together of Canon Law. The joining, the first in the features of Rome, was held select by ballot 1960; Vatican Council II was convoked in 1962; and say publicly Pontifical Commission for the Revising of the Code was fit in 1963.

His progressive missive, Mater et Magistra, was come across in 1961 to commemorate distinction anniversary of Leo XIII's Rerum novarum. Pacem in terris, advocating human freedom and self-respect as the basis for field order and peace, came confer in 1963. He elevated position Pontifical Commission for Cinema, Transistor, and Television to curial rank, approved a new code objection rubrics for the Breviary topmost Missal, made notable advances jagged ecumenical relations by creating unembellished new Secretariat for Promoting Christlike Unity and by appointing prestige first representative to the Company of the World Council disagree with Churches held in New City (1961).

In 1960 sand consecrated fourteen bishops for Assemblage, Africa, and Oceania. The Universal Balzan Foundation awarded him tog up Peace Prize in 1962.

Since his death on June 3, 1963, much has been dense and spoken about the effusiveness and holiness of the cherished Pope John. Perhaps the deposition of the world was superb expressed by a newspaper drag of the earth shrouded disclose mourning with the simple rendering, "A Death in the Family."