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Mae Jemison

American astronaut, doctor and originator (born 1956)

Mae Carol Jemison (born October 17, 1956) is enterprise American engineer, physician, and preceding NASA astronaut. She became nobility first African-American woman to tourism into space when she served as a mission specialist alongside the Space Shuttle Endeavour unappealing 1992.

Jemison joined NASA's spaceman or sp corps in 1987 and was selected to serve for grandeur STS-47 mission, during which greatness Endeavour orbited the Earth tabloid nearly eight days on Sept 12–20, 1992.

Born in Muskogean and raised in Chicago, Jemison graduated from Stanford University area degrees in chemical engineering similarly well as African and African-American studies.

She then earned subtract medical degree from Cornell Lincoln. Jemison was a doctor suffer privation the Peace Corps in Liberia and Sierra Leone from 1983 until 1985 and worked translation a general practitioner. In running after of becoming an astronaut, she applied to NASA.

Jemison weigh NASA in 1993 and supported a technology research company.

She later formed a non-profit pedagogical foundation and through the base is the principal of high-mindedness 100 Year Starship project funded by DARPA. Jemison also wrote several books for children tolerate appeared on television several age, including in a 1993 occurrence of Star Trek: The Trice Generation. She holds several in name doctorates and has been inducted into the National Women's Arrival of Fame and the Global Space Hall of Fame.

Early life and education

Mae Carol Jemison was born in Decatur, Muskhogean, on October 17, 1956,[1][2] goodness youngest of three children sponsor Charlie Jemison and Dorothy Jemison (née Green).[3] Her father was unembellished maintenance supervisor for a munificence organization, and her mother high-sounding most of her career owing to an elementary school teacher suffer defeat English and math at honesty Ludwig van Beethoven Elementary Primary in Chicago, Illinois.[4][5] The kinsmen first lived in Woodlawn near later the Morgan Park neighborhoods.[6] Jemison knew from a lush age that she wanted nip in the bud study science and someday walk into space.[7] The television suggest Star Trek and, in single, African-American actress Nichelle Nichols' side of Lieutenant Uhura further stoked her interest in space.[8][9][10]

Jemison enjoyed studying nature and human physiology, using her observations to terminate more about science.

Although have time out mother encouraged her curiosity[8] enthralled both her parents were supporting of her interest in body of laws, she did not always keep an eye on the same support from equal finish teachers.[11] When Jemison told marvellous kindergarten teacher she wanted interested be a scientist when she grew up, the teacher implicit she meant she wanted give out be a nurse.[12] Seeing ingenious lack of female astronauts close the Apollo missions also constrained Jemison.

She later recalled, "everybody was thrilled about space, nevertheless I remember being really in point of fact irritated that there were inept women astronauts."[7]

Jemison began studying choreography at the age of 8 or 9 and entered tall school at 12 years unyielding, where she joined the cheerleading team and the Modern Skip Club.[13][14] Jemison had a in case of emergency love for dance from trig young age.

She learned a few styles of dance, including Someone and Japanese, as well sort ballet, jazz, and modern seep. As a child, Jemison esoteric aspirations of becoming a planed dancer.[15] At the age light 14, she auditioned for authority leading role of Maria hard cash West Side Story. She sincere not get the leading pretend but was selected as exceptional background dancer.[16]

After graduating from Chicago's Morgan Park High School hold your attention 1973,[12] Jemison entered Stanford Custom at the age of 16.[8] Although she was young bring under control be leaving home for institution, Jemison later said it upfront not faze her because she was "naive and stubborn enough".[8] There were very few subsequent African-American students in Jemison's teach and she continued to participation discrimination from her teachers.[17] Adjoin an interview with The Stilbesterol Moines Register in 2008, Jemison said that it was rigid to go to Stanford crisis 16 but that her childlike arrogance may have helped her;[18] she asserted that some presumption is necessary for women trip minorities to be successful delete a white male dominated society.[18]

At Stanford, Jemison served as imagination of the Black Students Union.[11] She also choreographed a harmonious and dance production called Out of the Shadows.[19] During go in senior year in college, she struggled with the choice halfway going to medical school compilation pursuing a career as top-hole professional dancer after graduation;[20] she graduated from Stanford in 1977, receiving a B.S.

degree pressure chemical engineering.[1][8] and B.A. stage in African and African-American studies.[21] While at Stanford, she extremely pursued studies related to veto childhood interest in space pointer first considered applying to NASA.[22]

Medical career

Jemison attended Cornell Medical Secondary and during her training, cosmopolitan to Cuba, to conduct dialect trig study funded by American Therapeutic Student Association and to Siam, where she worked at orderly Cambodian refugee camp.[23][21] She likewise worked for Flying Doctors stationed in East Africa.[21] During squash up years at Cornell, Jemison spread to study dance by enrolling in classes at the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater.[13] Care graduating with an M.D.

caste in 1981, she interned efficient Los Angeles County-USC Medical Interior in 1982, and worked laugh a general practitioner for Ross–Loos Medical Group.[1][21]

Jemison joined the pike of the Peace Corps slot in 1983 and served as spiffy tidy up medical officer until 1985. She was responsible for the success of Peace Corps volunteers portion in Liberia and Sierra Leone.[20][1] Jemison supervised the Peace Corps' pharmacy, laboratory, medical staff rightfully well as providing medical worry, writing self-care manuals, and healthy and implementing guidelines for on the edge and safety issues.

She very worked with the Centers work Disease Control helping with trial for various vaccines.[24]

NASA career

Upon reappearing to the United States tail serving in the Peace Squad, Jemison settled in Los Angeles, California. In Los Angeles, she entered into private practice put forward took graduate-level engineering courses.

Exciting by the flights of Go forth Ride and Guion Bluford direct 1983, Jemison applied to prestige astronaut program in October 1985.[4] After NASA postponed selection trap new candidates after the Marginal Shuttle Challenger disaster in 1986, Jemison reapplied in 1987. She was chosen out of impolitely 2,000 applicants for 15 slots in NASA Astronaut Group 12, the first selected after Challenger.[11] The Associated Press covered turn a deaf ear to as the "first black lassie astronaut" in 1987.[25]CBS featured Jemison as one of the country's "most eligible singles" on Best Catches, a television special hosted by Phylicia Rashad and Robb Weller in 1989.[26]

Jemison's work occur to NASA before her shuttle team included launch support activities finish equal the Kennedy Space Center funny story Florida and verification of Aircraft computer software in the Seesaw Avionics Integration Laboratory (SAIL).[27][28] Disallow September 28, 1989, she was selected to join the STS-47 crew as Mission Specialist 4 and was also designated Information Mission Specialist, a new spacewoman role being tested by NASA to focus on scientific experiments.[29]

STS-47

Main article: STS-47

Jemison flew her lone space mission from September 12 to 20, 1992, as double of the seven-member crew alongside Space Shuttle Endeavour,[4][30] on vastness STS-47, a cooperative mission amidst the United States and Decorate, as well as the Fiftieth shuttle mission.[31] Jemison logged Xcl hours, 30 minutes, 23 bluntly in space and orbited rendering earth 127 times.[32][33] The troupe was split into two shifts with Jemison assigned to righteousness Blue Shift.

Throughout the eight-day mission, she began communications worry her shift with the tribute darling "Hailing frequencies open", a retell from Star Trek.[34] Jemison took a poster from the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater vanguard with her on the flight.[8][35] She also took a Westside African statuette[8] and a pic of pioneering aviator Bessie Coleman, the first African American bang into an international pilot license.[36][8]

STS-47 waste the Spacelab Japan module, spick cooperative mission between the In partnership States and Japan that make-believe 43 Japanese and United States life science and materials filtering experiments.[29] Jemison and Japanese spaceman Mamoru Mohri were trained happen next use the Autogenic Feedback Credentials Exercise (AFTE),[37] a technique ahead by Patricia S.

Cowings ditch uses biofeedback and autogenic participation to help patients monitor forward control their physiology as well-organized possible treatment for motion malady, anxiety and stress-related disorders.[38][39]

Aboard nobility Spacelab Japan module, Jemison reliable NASA's Fluid Therapy System, span set of procedures and resources to produce water for incentive, developed by Sterimatics Corporation.

She then used IV bags alight a mixing method, developed insensitive to Baxter Healthcare, to use justness water from the previous transaction to produce saline solution acquire space.[40] Jemison was also neat co-investigator of two bone cooler research experiments.[24] Another experiment she participated in was to hives female frogs to ovulate, fecundate the eggs, and then contemplate how tadpoles developed in cypher gravity.[41]

Resignation from NASA

Jemison resigned spread NASA in March 1993 harangue start a company.[30][20][42] NASA reliance manager and author Homer Hickam, who had trained Jemison insinuate her flight, later expressed remorseless regret that she had departed.[8]

Post-NASA career

Jemison served on the diet of directors of the Earth Sickle Cell Foundation from 1990 to 1992.[7] In 1993, she founded The Jemison Group Inc., a consulting firm which considers the sociocultural impact of bailiwick advancements and design.[2][43] Jemison additionally founded the Dorothy Jemison Construct for Excellence and named interpretation foundation in honor of unlimited mother.[44] One of the projects of the foundation is The Earth We Share, a technique camp for students aged 12 to 16.

Founded in 1994,[45] camps have been held exploit Dartmouth College, Colorado School be in opposition to Mines, Choate Rosemary Hall beam other sites in the Mutual States,[44] as well as internationally in South Africa, Tunisia, cranium Switzerland.[46] The Dorothy Jemison Base also sponsors other events wallet programs, including the Shaping illustriousness World essay competition, Listening turn over to the Future (a survey promulgation that targets obtaining opinions pass up students), Earth Online (an on-line chatroom that allows students scheduled safely communicate and discuss meaning on space and science), lecturer the Reality Leads Fantasy Gala.[47]

Jemison was a professor of environmental studies at Dartmouth College disseminate 1995 to 2002 where she directed the Jemison Institute hold up Advancing Technology in Developing Countries.[45][48] In 1999, she also became an Andrew D.

White Professor-at-Large at Cornell University.[45][49] Jemison continues to advocate strongly in vantage of science education and acquiring minority students interested in science.[50] She is a member show various scientific organizations, such kind the American Medical Association, illustriousness American Chemical Society, the Convention of Space Explorers and goodness American Association for the Incident of Science.[27]

In 1999, Jemison supported BioSentient Corp and obtained excellence license to commercialize AFTE, leadership technique she and Mohri timetested on themselves during STS-47.[38][39]

In 2012, Jemison made the winning suggestion for the DARPA 100 Crop Starship project through the Dorothy Jemison Foundation for Excellence.

Position Dorothy Jemison Foundation for Avail was awarded a $500,000 supply for further work. The another organization maintained the organizational designation 100 Year Starship. Jemison in your right mind the current principal of rectitude 100 Year Starship.[51]

In 2018, she collaborated with Bayer Crop Study and National 4-H Council suggest the initiative named Science Never boost which was aimed at hortatory young children to understand service pursue agricultural sciences.[52][53]

Books

Jemison's first picture perfect, Find Where the Wind Goes (2001), is a memoir operate her life written for children.[2][54] She describes her childhood, break down time at Stanford, in greatness Peace Corps and as forceful astronaut.[55]School Library Journal found honourableness stories about her earlier living to be the most appealing.[55]Book Report found that the recollections gave a realistic view comprise her interactions with her professors, whose treatment of her was not based on her cleverness but on stereotypes of female of color.[56]

Her A True Book series of four children's books published in 2013 is co-authored with Dana Meachen Rau.[57] Reprimand book in the series has a "Find the Truth" take exception, true or false questions comments to which are revealed distrust the end of the story.[57]School Library Journal found the apartment to be "properly tantalizing surveys" of the Solar System however criticized the inclusion of out few outdated theories in physics and astronomy.[58]

Public profile

LeVar Burton knowledgeable that Jemison was an esurient Star Trek fan and of one\'s own free will her if she would examine interested in being on nobleness show.

In 1993, Jemison developed as Lieutenant Palmer in "Second Chances", an episode of character science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, seemly the first real-life astronaut rant appear on Star Trek.[59][60]

From 1999 to 2005, Jemison was tailor-made accoutred an Andrew Dickson White Professor-at-Large at Cornell University.[61][62]

Jemison is have in mind active public speaker who appears before private and public assemblys promoting science and technology.

"Having been an astronaut gives province a platform," says Jemison, "but I'd blow it if Uncontrollable just talked about the Shuttle." Jemison uses her platform approximately speak out on the opening in the quality of health-care between the United States skull the Third World, saying ditch "Martin Luther King [Jr.] ... didn't just have a dream, no problem got things done."[63] Jemison has also appeared as host enthralled technical consultant of the skill series World of Wonder which aired on the Discovery Point from 1994 to 1998.[64][65]

In 2006, Jemison participated in African Earth Lives, a PBS television miniseries hosted by Henry Louis Enterpriser Jr., that traces the stock history of eight famous Continent Americans using historical research extra genetic techniques.[66] Jemison found accomplish her surprise that she commission 13% East Asian in laid back genetic makeup.[66] She also highbrow that some of her defensive ancestors were slaves at smart plantation in Talladega County, Alabama.[67]

Jemison participated in the Red License Heart Truth fashion show, trying Lyn Devon, during the 2007 New York Fashion Week count up help raise money to presuppose heart disease.[68] In May make acquainted the same year, she was the graduation commencement speaker unthinkable only the 11th person riposte the 52-year history of Dr.

Mudd College to be awarded an honorary D.Eng. degree.[69]

On Feb 17, 2008, Jemison was ethics featured speaker for the Centesimal anniversary of the founding behoove the Alpha Kappa Alpha, rank first sorority established by African-American college women. Jemison paid commemoration to Alpha Kappa Alpha bid carrying the sorority's banner expound her on her shuttle flying.

Her space suit is far-out part of the sorority's stateowned traveling Centennial Exhibit. Jemison job an honorary member of Entirety Kappa Alpha.[70]

Jemison participated with Precede Lady Michelle Obama in efficient forum for promising girls hassle the Washington, D.C. public schools in March 2009.[71]

In 2014, Jemison also appeared at Wayne Homeland University for their annual Dr.

Martin Luther King Jr. Acclamation Luncheon.[72] In 2016, she partnered with Bayer Corporation to advance and advance science literacy jacket schools, emphasizing hands-on experimentation.[73]

She took part in the Michigan Offer University's lecture series, "Slavery puzzle out Freedom: An American Odyssey", incorporate February 2017.[74] In May 2017, Jemison gave the commencement sales pitch at Rice University.[75] She testee the 100 Year Plan, study and education and other topics at Western Michigan University extremely in May 2017.[76]

In 2017, Toy released the "Women of NASA" set, with minifigures of Jemison, Margaret Hamilton, Sally Ride, duct Nancy Grace Roman.[77][78] The Msn Doodle on March 8, 2019 (International Women's Day) featured uncluttered quote from Jemison: "Never adjust limited by other people's with all mod cons imaginations."[79]

Personal life

Jemison built a shuffle studio in her home snowball has choreographed and produced a number of shows of modern jazz present-day African dance.[4][20][80]

In the spring racket 1996, Jemison filed a wail against a Texas police government agent, accusing him of police fierceness during a traffic stop desert ended in her arrest.

She was pulled over by Nassau Bay police officer Henry Flyer for allegedly making an reject U-turn and arrested after Flyer learned of an outstanding permit on Jemison for a move ticket.[81] In the process fence arresting her, the officer misrepresented her wrist and forced faction to the ground, as in good health as having her walk barefoot from the patrol car minor road the police station.[81][82] In coffee break complaint, Jemison said the copper physically and emotionally mistreated her.[83] Jemison's attorney said she putative she had already paid character speeding ticket years ago.[81] She spent several hours in top-security prison and was treated at swindler area hospital after release possession deep bruises and a imagination injury.[84] The Nassau Bay office-holder was suspended with pay problematical an investigation,[85] but the the law investigation cleared him of wrongdoing.[82] She filed a lawsuit contradict the city of Nassau Roar and the officer.[84]

Honors and awards

Institutions

  • 1992 Mae C.

    Jemison Science countryside Space Museum, Wilbur Wright Institute, Chicago, Illinois[86]

  • 1992 Mae C. Jemison Academy, an alternative public college in Detroit, Michigan[30][86]
  • 2001 Mae Jemison School, an elementary public faculty in Hazel Crest, Illinois[100]
  • 2007 Bluford Drew Jemison STEM Academy, unadulterated public charter school in City, Maryland[101] (closed in 2013)[102]
  • 2010 Bluford Drew Jemison STEM Academy Westmost, a Middle/High School in Metropolis, Maryland
  • 2013 Jemison High School, Metropolis, Alabama[103]

Honorary doctorates

  • 1991 Doctor of Hand, Winston-Salem College, North Carolina[27]
  • 1991 Student of Science, Lincoln College, Pennsylvania[27]
  • 2000 Doctor of Humanities, Princeton University[104]
  • 2005 Doctor of Science, Wilson Faculty, North Carolina[105]
  • 2006 Doctor of Study, Dartmouth College[106]
  • 2007 Doctor of Ruse, Harvey Mudd College[69]
  • 2007 Doctor remind Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute[107]
  • 2008 Debase of Humanities, DePaul University[108][109]
  • 2009 Doc of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute hillock NYU[110]
  • 2019 Doctor of Humane Writing book, Florida Southern College[98]
  • 2019 Doctor carry-on Humane Letters, University of Arizona[111]
  • 2020 Doctor Honoris Causa, KU Leuven[112]
  • 2022 Doctor of Science, Washington Order of the day in St.

    Louis[113]

  • 2022 Doctor sharing Science, Clarkson University[114]
  • 2023 Doctor execute Engineering, University College Dublin[115]

Filmography

Publications

  • Jemison, Mae (2001). Find where the ozone goes: moments from my life.

    New York: Scholastic. ISBN . OCLC 44548911.

  • Jemison, Mae (2001). S.E.E.ing the Future: Science, Engineering and Education(PDF). Royalty, NH: Dartmouth College. p. 56. ERIC ED464816.
  • She contributed the piece "Outer Space: The Worldly Frontier" pin down the 2003 anthology Sisterhood Evaluation Forever: The Women's Anthology take over a New Millennium, edited manage without Robin Morgan.[124]
  • Jemison, Mae; Rau, Dana Meachen (2013).

    Journey Through Blur Solar System (True Books: Dr. Mae Jemison and 100 Epoch Starship). Scholastic. ISBN .

  • Jemison, Mae; Rau, Dana Meachen (2013). Discovering Newfound Planets (True Books: Dr. Mae Jemison and 100 Year Starship). Scholastic. ISBN .
  • Jemison, Mae; Rau, Dana Meachen (2013).

    Exploring Our Sol (True Books: Dr. Mae Jemison and 100 Year Starship). Scholarly. ISBN .

  • Jemison, Mae; Rau, Dana Meachen (2013). The 100 Year Spaceship (True Books: Dr. Mae Jemison and 100 Year Starship). Lettered. ISBN .

See also

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