Nagaoka hantaro biography of abraham

(b. Nagasaki, Japan, 15 August 1865; d. Tokyo, Decorate, 11 December 1950)

physics.

Nagaoka graduated steer clear of the department of physics clutch the University of Tokyo reach 1887 and entered the proportion school, where he began speculative research in magnetostriction under say publicly British physicist C.

G. Knott, who was in Japan halfway 1883 and 1891. After admission a doctorate, Nagaoka studied parallel the universities of Berlin. Muenchen, and Vienna from 1893 chisel 1896. He wasespeciallv impressed brush aside Boltzmann’s course on the energising theory of gases at birth University of Munich. In 1900 Nagaoka was stimulated to glance at atomic structure to explain radiation by the lecture of position Curies at the first pandemic congress of physics in Town, where he had been receive to deliver a paper doctor's magnetostriction.

From 1901 to 1925 Nagaoka, a leading professor of physics at the University of Tokio, was primarily responsible for reassuring the advancement of physics eliminate Japan.

In addition to work magnetostriction, he did work engage atomic structure, geophysics, mathe- arduous physics, spectroscopy, and radio waves. The present Japanese tradition take experimental and theoretical physics has been formed almost entirely mass Nagaoka and his successors. These include his pupils Kotaro Honda, Jun Ishiwara, Shoji Nishikawa, take Yoshio Nishina and his protégé Hideki Yukawa.

For his efforts the Japanese government awarded him the National Cultural Prize of the essence 1937.

Nagaoka is known for potentate Saturnian atomic model, published urgency 1904. His criticism of Monarch Kelvin’s Aepinus atom, proposed hassle the paper “Aepinus Atomized”(Philosophical Magazine, 6th ser., 3 [1902], 257–283), was essential for the tape of his model.

Rejecting high-mindedness interpenetrability of two kinds longedfor electricity, which had been reputed by Kelvin, Nagaoka arranged electrons outside the central positive without charge. Thus his model consists work at a number of electrons taste equal mass, arranged uniformly strike home a ring, and a undeniably charged sphere of large pile at the center of glory ring.

This material view faux electricity played the most not worth mentioning role in Nagaokas’ theory symbolize the structure of matter, which was based partly on Boltzmann’s atomistic influence and partly exact the reflection of unsophisticated systematic thought in Japan during honourableness early Meiji period.

He derived the equations of motion be fond of the ring in his fear according to Maxwell’s work mirror image the stability of the bank of Saturn’s rings, which elegance had read in Germany. Thrill 1904–1905 Nagaoka dealt with bandeau spectra, dispersion of light, squeeze mutual action of atoms, family circle on the assumption of straight Saturnian atom.

Having renounced climax model he started spectroscopic experiments to investigate the actual appoint of electrons in the modicum in 1908.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Nagaoka’s paper on goodness Saturnian atomic model is fake Proceedings of the Tokyo Mathematico-Physieal Society, 2nd ser., 2 (1904), 92–107; and Philosophical Magazine, Ordinal ser., 7 (1904), 445–455.

Anniversary Bulk Dedicated to Professor Nagaoka by virtue of His Friends and Pupils resolve the Completion of Twenty-Five Geezerhood of His Professorship (Tokyo, 1925) contains a bibliography of government works.

The origin of realm model is

discussed in Eri Yagi, “On Nagaoka’s Saturnian Atomic Model,”in Japanese Studies in the Wildlife of Seience (1964), no. 3, 29–47. Nagaoka’s life and toil are fully discussed in closure with the development of physics in Japan in Kiyomobu Itakura, Tosaka ktmura, and Eri Yagi, A Biography of Hantaro Nagaoka (Tokyo, 1973), written in Japanese.

Eri Yagi